Clinical Information

Negative results do not rule out the diagnosis of other connective tissue diseases (CTD), such as systemic sclerosis and inflammatory myopathies, and overlap syndromes associated with complex antigens optimally detected in with the ANA IFA and associated with nucleolar, certain cytoplasmic and/or speckled patterns. For autoimmune hepatitis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis, ANA IFA remains the optimal testing method as the target autoantigens are largely unknown and not included in the ELISA or other solid-phase immunoassays.